7,8-dihydroxyflavone (38183-03-8) powder

7,8-DIHYDROXYFLAVONE (38183-03-8) Specifications

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder – What is 7,8-DHF? Or Tropoflavin?

Tropoflavin powder or 7,8-dihydroxyflavone is a chemical molecule. It mimics the functions of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF is found naturally in the brain and spinal cord.  BDNF plays an essential role in learning, improving memory, neuroplasticity which is the ability to form new pathways and connections, and adult neurogenesis which is the ability to grow new brain cells in adults with fully matured brains.

Tropoflavin powder has been shown to be helpful in brain repair, long-term memory, depression, and neurodegenerative illnesses in various clinical research and trials conducted on rats and mice. However, as of now, no clinical trials or research have been conducted on humans. The majority of evidence that proves the benefits of tropoflavin powder has come from animal studies. Evidence like: benefits in memory, protection of brain cells and preservation of brain function are some of the positive results from various animal studies.

How Does 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Work? 

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone mimics the activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factors. It does so mainly by activating a receptor pathway known as the Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptors pathway. This is the same pathway by which BDNF works. Besides 7,8-DHF has been seen to work independently to provide antioxidant activity.

The potential benefits of BDNF are restricted by its shorter half-life which is less than 10 minutes. BDNF also can’t cross the blood-brain barrier because of the larger size of the molecule. On the other hand, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone can enter the cells in the brain and spinal cord by crossing this barrier. Already has researchs demonstrated that 7,8-DHF is orally bioavailable and can penetrate the brain-blood barrier. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-dhf) can therefore help in improving brain function and health.

What Is 4′-Dimethylamino-7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone (Eutropoflavin)? 

4′-Dimethylamino-7,8-dihydroxyflavone (4’DMA-7, 8-DHF), also called eutropoflavin or R13 in s, is a synthetic version of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. It is a structurally modified and engineered form of 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone. Eutropoflavin has a longer circulating half-life and is more potent than 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone.

The two compounds have similar chemical structures. 4’DMA-7, 8-DHF converts into 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone during circulation in the body.

There is less research on 4′-Dimethylamino-7,8-dihydroxyflavone. All the limited research that is available was done on animals. The available evidence suggests that 4′-Dimethylamino-7,8-dihydroxyflavone and 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone have the same or similar pathways of functioning.

What does 4′-DMA-7 8-dihydroxyflavone do?  

4′-Dimethylamino-7,8-dihydroxyflavone or Eutropoflavin is a synthetic flavone. It is a selective small molecule that acts on the TrkB receptors, the main receptor of the brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Eutropoflavin was derived from a structural and chemical modification of tropoflavin.

Compared to tropoflavin, eutropoflavin has been shown to have much better activity at the TrkB receptor. Eutropoflavin was found to be significantly more potent than tropoflavin and showed a longer duration of action in animal studies. 4′-Dimethylamino-7,8-dihydroxyflavone has been found to have neuroprotective, neurogenic, and antidepressant-like properties in animals.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone vs 4′-dma-7 8-dihydroxyflavone

Both 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone and 4′-DMA-7 8-dihydroxyflavone have been shown to produce similar outcomes in animal studies. The effect has yet to be studied in human trials.

Although both are similar compounds, a significant difference was found between the activity of the two. Clinical trials and research showed that eutropoflavin was significantly more potent than tropoflavin and even showed a longer duration of action.

As such, even though 7,8-dhf and 4′-DMA-7 8-dihydroxyflavone are chemically similar and even have similar effects, 4′-DMA-7 8-dihydroxyflavonne was found to have much potent action and worked longer, in research done in animal models.

Why Taking Tropoflavin powder Is Gaining Popularity? 

Tropoflavin powder or 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is gaining popularity. With new research and clinical trials emerging with positive results, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is coming out as a hot topic even in the scientific circle.

There are no clinical trials or research done on humans as of now. However, those who have used 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder have claimed that the powder had a significant improvement in their:

•   Memory
•   Energy
•   Learning
•   Mood
•   Memory and Cognitive Support

Tropflavin powder is also proven to be effective to achieve a balanced mood, having good energy production, having brain-protective properties, having anti-oxidant properties and supporting gut bacteria.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone benefits and effects – What does 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone do? 

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder (7,8-dhf) has been shown to have various benefits. However, to date, limited clinical trials and research have been done on humans. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to be effective in research and trial conducted in animal models and cell-based research. Further studies on the effectiveness in humans are still required. Some of the positive outcomes from research and trials on 7,8-dhf powder from animal studies are listed below:

• Memory and Learning
• Brain Repair
• Neuroprotection
• Anti- Inflammatory
• Role in Neurodegenerative Disease
• Depression
• Addiction
• Obesity
• Blood Pressure
• Skin Aging
• Cancer

Memory and Learning

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to be useful in improving memory and object recognition, and decreasing stress in rats. It was also seen to be effective in improving memory in ageing rats.

Brain Repair

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder (7,8-dhf) was seen to be effective in promoting the repairing of damaged nerve cells, increasing the production of new neurons in the brains of adult mice after brain injury and in promoting new nerve cell growth in aged mice

Similarly, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder, was also seen to be effective in improving the brain functions in rats that have had a traumatic brain injury.

Neuroprotection

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder was seen to be effective in protecting against stroke-related brain damage, particularly in female mice. It also prevented nerve cell damage in mice after a traumatic brain injury.

Anti-Inflammatory

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to have anti-inflammatory effects. It has been seen to be able to decrease inflammation in the brain and white blood cells.

Role in Neurodegenerative Disease

7,8-dhf powder has been seen to play different roles in various neurodegenerative diseases, which are discussed below.

Alzheimer’s Disease

Animal models have shown mixed results for Alzheimer’s disease. Some studies have shown that 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder had a significant role in preventing it, while others have shown no benefits. More research is required in this area.

Parkinson’s Disease

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to improve motor functions in animal models. It was also seen to have protective actions against the death of neurons. It also prevents the death of dopamine-sensitive neurons in monkey models of Parkinson’s disease.

Huntington’s Disease

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to prolong the lifespan of animal models with Huntington’s Disease.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder improved motor deficits and increased survival in studies done in a mouse model with ALS.

Multiple Sclerosis

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder decreased the severity of the disease.

Schizophrenia

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder improved the learning functions in rat models.

Down Syndrome

Early intervention with 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder (7,8-dhf) has been seen to increase the production of new neurons along with better learning and memory.

Fragile X Syndrome

Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition. It causes a range of developmental problems including cognitive impairment and learning disabilities.

In a mouse model of fragile X syndrome, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to improve cognitive function and reduce spine abnormalities in mouse models of Fragile X Syndrome.

Rett Syndrome

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to improve symptoms in a mouse model of Rett syndrome-like slower growth, difficult coordination control, and language issues.

Depression

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to reduce depressive behaviours in rodents.

Addiction

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder was shown to be effective in reducing the pleasure and rewarding effects of cocaine in mice.

Obesity

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to be able to reduce fat production and fat build-up in animal studies.

Blood Pressure

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to show a reduction in blood pressure when it was injected. Oral doses were able to decrease the blood pressure, but it was not so significant compared to when 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder was given in injected forms.

Skin Aging

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to decrease inflammation, increase collagen production, and increase antioxidant enzyme levels in aged human skin cells.

Cancer

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to be effective in killing oral squamous cancer cells and skin cancer known as Melanoma in dish studies. However, much more research is still required to come to any conclusions, especially in humans.

How to take 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone supplement?| How much tropoflavin powder should I take?

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Dosage

There are no clinical studies and trials conducted on humans as of now. Therefore, the safe dose of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is still not known in humans.

The most common dosage in commercially available supplements is 10 – 30 mg per day. However, you should check with your doctor before you start taking the supplement.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone side effects  

As no clinical trials with humans have been done, the risk factors and side effects of 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone are unknown. Any information on safety or side effects is from research done on animal models. However, in users who have taken 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone, the following effects were noted:

• Overstimulation
• Restlessness
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Irritability
•   Trouble sleeping

It is also worth noting that 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder may interact with other prescription drugs. 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone is highly reactive with other molecules and compounds. Evidence has been seen to suggest 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone’s role in altering the action of CYP450 liver enzymes. This could alter the way other drugs work. It is, therefore, always safe to consult with the doctor, especially if you are on prescription drugs.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone food sources – How to supplement 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone naturally?

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone falls under the flavonoid family, which is a group of naturally occurring chemical substances with variable phenolic structures. Food sources rich in 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone include green tea, vinegar, soy, turmeric, eggs, coffee, blueberries, grapes and dark chocolate. However, to get the best result from 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, to absorb from these foods will not be a very ideal way, the more direct way is to take 7,8-dihydroxyflavone supplements. Find the best 7,8-dihydroxyflavone powder supplier, you can be here. And buy 7,8-dihydroxyflavone powder wholesale will get better price.

Reviews of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone

There have not been any clinical studies in humans regarding 7,8-dhf. However, animal studies have proven to be effective and positive. The clinical trials in animal models have shown that 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has various benefits in improving memory, protecting brain cells and preserving brain function.

People consuming it have very less reported side effects like overstimulation, restlessness, dizziness, nausea, irritability and trouble sleeping.

Much more research is still needed to conclude the exact benefits and risks of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder in humans.

Best 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder manufacturer/ Where to buy 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder bulk?

There are many 7 8-dihydroxyflavone for sale on line. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder can be bought online through various outlets and portals. You can buy it in quantities which suit you. Buying 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder in bulk amounts can help you with the overall expenses.

When looking to buy a 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder supplement, it is important to thoroughly look through 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder manufacturers and their credentials. An onsite visit to see the manufacturing process can ensure that proper safety guidelines and manufacturing protocols are followed during the production.

Therefore, the quality of the product must be ensured before you end up buying 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone (7, 8-DHF), or Tropoflavin

Is Tropoflavin a Nootropic? 

Nootropics are also known as smart drugs. A nootropic drug/compound improves cognitive performance or brain function. Clinical trials in animals have suggested that Tropoflavin could be a nootropic agent. However, there are no conclusive evidence and more research is still required.

In humans, no clinical trial has been done to date with 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder. It is therefore impossible to say whether 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has any nootropic activity in humans.

Why buy 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder for better brain health?

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has shown to have various benefits. With extensive research and clinical trials conducted in animals, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder was found to have a positive effect on memory and learning, brain repair, neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, depression, addiction, obesity, blood pressure and skin ageing.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is also more potent than the naturally occurring BDNF in our body. There for,

What’s the Difference Between 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone and BDNF?   

BDNF is produced naturally in your body whereas 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is found in a few plant species. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder is thus synthetically produced and consumed for its various good effects on the brain.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to have a longer half-life and potency to that compared to BDNF. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder can also enter the brain because of its much smaller size.

How to take a 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone supplement to get the best result? 

There are currently no human studies on 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder for reference to drug dosing. The majority of estimates are mathematically approximated from research in mice. The majority of animal research done showed positive results in injectable forms. With oral dosing with 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder, the outcomes were seen, however, they were comparatively of less significance.

Since human trials have not been done, it is difficult to comment on the dosage in humans. A consultation with the doctor can help clarify this.

Does Tropoflavin Support Weight Loss?  

Clinical trials and research have been able to show that 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder cause weight loss, particularly in female mice. These findings have not been seen in humans as there is no research done to date.

There is also evi

dence that suggests 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder can cause weight loss by improving the overall support for the gut bacteria.

Does Tropoflavin Cause Hair Loss (or Support Hair Growth)? 

To date, there has been no evidence to suggest that 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder causes hair loss in any form. Some animal studies have shown that BDNF and other compounds could have a role in controlling hair growth. Extensive research and clinical trials are still needed in humans to comment on the matter.

How to store Dihydroxyflavone (Tropoflavin)?  

Like any other medicine, it is always safe to keep 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder away from the reach of children. It is ideal to keep it away from direct sunlight and must be stored in a cool, dry place.

Does 7-8 Dihydroxyflavone increase depression?

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder has been seen to be effective in reducing depressive behaviors in mice. No clinical data is available as of now for 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone powder’s role in depression in humans.

References

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[2]Flavonoids: an overview. A. N. Panche, A. D. Diwan, S. R. Chandra J Nutr Sci. 2016; 5: e47. Published online 2016 Dec 29. doi: 10.1017/jns.2016.41 PMCID: PMC5465813

[3]Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Key Molecule for Memory in the Healthy and the Pathological Brain. Review Article. Miranda M. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 PMID: 31440144PMCID: PMC6692714

[4]Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications. Bathina S. Arch Med Sci. 2015 PMID: 26788077PMCID: PMC4697050

[5]Actions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Glucocorticoid Stress in Neurogenesis Review Article. Numakawa T. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 PMID: 29099059PMCID: PMC5713281

[6]Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor: A Key Molecule for Memory in the Healthy and the Pathological Brain. Magdalena Miranda, Juan Facundo Morici, María Belén Zanoni and Pedro Bekinschtein. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 07 August 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00363

[7]The prodrug of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone development and therapeutic efficacy for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Chen C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 PMID: 29295929PMCID: PMC5777001

[8] A selective TrkB agonist with potent neurotrophic activities by 7,8-dihydroxyflavone

Sung-Wuk Jang 1, Xia Liu, Manuel Yepes, Kennie R Shepherd, Gary W Miller, Yang Liu, W David Wilson, Ge Xiao, Bruno Blanchi, Yi E Sun, Keqiang Ye

PMID: 20133810 PMCID: PMC2823863 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0913572107

[9] Small molecule BDNF mimetics activate TrkB signaling and prevent neuronal degeneration in rodents. Stephen M Massa , Tao Yang, Youmei Xie, Jian Shi, Mehmet Bilgen, Jeffrey N Joyce, Dean Nehama, Jayakumar Rajadas, Frank M Longo.

PMID: 20407211 PMCID: PMC2860903 DOI: 10.1172/JCI41356

[10] Antioxidant action of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone protects PC12 cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cytotoxicity. Xiaohua Han, Shaolei Zhu, Bingxiang Wang, Lei Chen, Ran Li, Weicheng Yao, Zhiqiang Qu. 2014 Jan;64:18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.10.018. Epub 2013 Nov 9.

PMID: 24220540 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.10.018

[11] 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, a TrkB receptor agonist, blocks long-term spatial memory impairment caused by immobilization stress in rats. Raül Andero, Núria Daviu, Rosa Maria Escorihuela, Roser Nadal, Antonio Armario

PMID: 21136519 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20906

[12]Small-molecule trkB agonists promote axon regeneration in cut peripheral nerves. Arthur W English , Kevin Liu, Jennifer M Nicolini, Amanda M Mulligan, Keqiang Ye.

2013 Oct 1;110(40):16217-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1303646110. Epub 2013 Sep 16.

PMID: 24043773 PMCID: PMC3791704 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303646110

[13]The Role of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone in Preventing Dendrite Degeneration in Cortex After Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Shu Zhao, Xiang Gao, Weiren Dong, Jinhui Chen. Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Apr;53(3):1884-1895. doi: 10.1007/s12035-015-9128-z. Epub 2015 Mar 24.

PMID: 25801526 PMCID: PMC5441052

[14]7,8-Dihydroxyflavone attenuates the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells through the suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Hye Young Park, Cheol Park, Hye Jin Hwan, Byung Woo Kim, Gi-Young Kim, Cheol Min Kim, Nam Deuk Kim, Yung Hyun Choi.

Int J Mol Med. 2014 Apr;33(4):1027-34. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1652. Epub 2014 Feb 10.

PMID: 24535427 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1652

[15]7,8-dihydroxyflavone prevents synaptic loss and memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Zhentao Zhang, Xia Liu, Jason P Schroeder , Chi-Bun Chan, Mingke Song, Shan Ping Yu, David Weinshenker, Keqiang Ye.

Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014 Feb;39(3):638-50. doi: 10.1038/npp.2013.243. Epub 2013 Sep 11.

PMID: 24022672 PMCID: PMC3895241

[16]7,8-dihydroxyflavone Ameliorates Motor Deficits Via Suppressing α-synuclein Expression and Oxidative Stress in the MPTP-induced Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Xiao-Huan Li, Chun-Fang Dai, Long Chen, Wei-Tao Zhou, Hui-Li Han, Zhi-Fang Dong.

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2016 Jul;22(7):617-24. doi: 10.1111/cns.12555. Epub 2016 Apr 15.

PMID: 27079181 PMCID: PMC6492848

[17]7,8-Dihydroxyflavone improves motor performance and enhances lower motor neuronal survival in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Orhan Tansel Korkmaz, Nurgul Aytan, Isabel Carreras, Ji-Kyung Choi, Neil W Kowall, Bruce G Jenkins, Alpaslan Dedeoglu,

Neurosci Lett. 2014 Apr 30;566:286-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.02.058. Epub 2014 Mar 15.

PMID: 24637017 PMCID: PMC5906793

[18]Small-molecule TrkB receptor agonists improve motor function and extend survival in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease

Mali Jiang, Qi Peng, Xia Liu, Jing Jin, Zhipeng Hou, Jiangyang Zhang, Susumu Mori, Christopher A Ross, Keqiang Ye, Wenzhen Duan

Hum Mol Genet. 2013 Jun 15;22(12):2462-70. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt098. Epub 2013 Feb 27.

PMID: 23446639 PMCID: PMC3658168

[19]TrkB agonist, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, reduces the clinical and pathological severity of a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Tapas K Makar, Vamshi K C Nimmagadda, Ishwar S Singh, Kristal Lam, Fahad Mubariz, Susan I V Judge, David Trisler, Christopher T Bever Jr.

J Neuroimmunol. 2016 Mar 15;292:9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.01.002. Epub 2016 Jan 6.

PMID: 26943953

[20]Small-molecule TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone reverses cognitive and synaptic plasticity deficits in a rat model of schizophrenia.

Yuan-Jian Yang, Yan-Kun Li, Wei Wang, Jian-Guo Wan, Bin Yu, Mei-Zhen Wang, Bin Hu.

Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2014 Jul;122:30-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.03.013. Epub 2014 Mar 21.

PMID: 24662915

[21]A flavonoid agonist of the TrkB receptor for BDNF improves hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent memory in the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS.

Fiorenza Stagni , Andrea Giacomini, Sandra Guidi, Marco Emili, Beatrice Uguagliati, Maria Elisa Salvala, Valeria Bortolotto, Mariagrazia Grilli, Roberto Rimondini, Renata Bartesaghi

Exp Neurol. 2017 Dec;298(Pt A):79-96. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.08.018. Epub 2017 Sep 4.

PMID: 28882412

[22]7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone induces synapse expression of AMPA GluA1 and ameliorates cognitive and spine abnormalities in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.

Mi Tian, Yan Zeng, Yilan Hu, Xiuxue Yuan, Shumin Liu, Jie Li, Pan Lu, Yao Sun, Lei Gao, Daan Fu, Yi Li, Shasha Wang, Shawn M McClintock.

Neuropharmacology. 2015 Feb;89:43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.09.006. Epub 2014 Sep 16.

PMID: 25229717

[23]7,8-dihydroxyflavone exhibits therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. Rebecca A Johnson, Maxine Lam, Antonio M Punzo, Hongda Li, Benjamin R Lin, Keqiang Ye, Gordon S Mitchell, Qiang Chang.

J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012 Mar;112(5):704-10. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01361.2011. Epub 2011 Dec 22.

PMID: 22194327 PMCID: PMC3643819

[24]7,8-Dihydroxyflavone, a TrkB agonist, attenuates behavioral abnormalities and neurotoxicity in mice after administration of methamphetamine.

Qian Ren, Ji-Chun Zhang, Min Ma, Yuko Fujita, Jin Wu, Kenji Hashimoto.

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Jan;231(1):159-66. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3221-7. Epub 2013 Aug 10.

PMID: 23934209

[25]https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/7-8-dihydroxyflavone

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